Plagiarism Policy

All submitted manuscripts will be screened for similarity using plagiarism detection software before entering the peer-review process. The journal maintains a strict policy against plagiarism and other forms of academic misconduct.

Manuscripts submitted to the journal must have a similarity index of less than 25%. Manuscripts exceeding this threshold may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected depending on the extent and nature of the overlap.

When plagiarism or significant similarity is identified, the Editor-in-Chief and the editorial team will evaluate the case and determine the appropriate action based on the severity of the plagiarism, following the guidelines below.

Levels of Plagiarism

1. Minor Plagiarism

A small portion of text is reproduced from another article without proper citation, and no significant data, results, or original ideas are taken from the source.

Action:
The authors will receive a warning and will be asked to revise the manuscript by properly citing the original source and correcting the overlapping text.

2. Intermediate Plagiarism

A substantial portion of text from another publication is reproduced without appropriate citation or acknowledgment of the original source.

Action:
The manuscript will be rejected, and the author(s) will be prohibited from submitting new manuscripts to the journal for one year.

3. Severe Plagiarism

A significant portion of the manuscript reproduces original results, figures, data, or ideas from another publication without proper attribution.

Action:
The manuscript will be rejected, and the author(s) will be prohibited from submitting manuscripts to the journal for five years.

Repeated Plagiarism

If a second case of plagiarism involving the same author(s) is identified, the final decision regarding sanctions will be determined by the Editorial Board, including the Editor-in-Chief and editorial members. In serious cases, the author(s) may be permanently banned from submitting manuscripts to the journal.

Self-Plagiarism and Redundant Publication

This policy also applies to self-plagiarism or redundant publication. If authors reuse previously published text, figures, or data from their own work, the original source must be clearly cited and acknowledged.

The following guidelines apply:

• If identical or nearly identical figures and text constitute half or more of the manuscript, the case will be treated as severe plagiarism.
• If overlap constitutes between one-tenth and one-half of the manuscript, the case will be treated as intermediate plagiarism.
• If the overlap is limited to the methods section, the case may be considered minor plagiarism, provided the original source is properly cited.

Authors who reuse previously published material must also obtain permission from the copyright holder, when required.

Previously Published Materials

If a manuscript includes material previously presented in conference proceedings, the authors must clearly indicate the source of the original publication and obtain permission from the copyright holder when necessary. The Editor may decide whether the manuscript is suitable for publication in the journal.

Authors may use material from unpublished presentations or academic talks, including visual materials, in a subsequent journal publication.

If a manuscript is a translated version of a previously published article, the authors must clearly state the title, journal, and publication date of the original article.

Editorial Responsibility

The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity. All plagiarism cases are handled according to established editorial policies to ensure fairness, transparency, and ethical publication practices.